Crisis Studies of the Islamic World

Crisis Studies of the Islamic World

Explaining the Gaza Crisis Based on Brecher's Crisis Management Model

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
1 Ph.D. Student in International Relations
2 PhD in International Relations, University of Tehran
Abstract
This study analyzes the Gaza crisis through Michael Brecher's Crisis Management Model, focusing on its evolution across four main stages: onset, escalation, de-escalation, and impact. The central question explores the factors influencing the development of the crisis. Using the process-tracing method, the study aims to identify and explain these dynamics. Findings show that in the onset stage, Israeli policies—such as illegal settlements, economic blockade, and disregard for international resolutions—created conditions for growing tension. The escalation phase began with Hamas’s large-scale attack on October 7 and was met with a strong Israeli military response, expanding to regional clashes with Hezbollah and Iran. The de-escalation stage involved diplomatic efforts and ceasefires among key actors, including agreements between Hezbollah and Israel, and between Hamas and Israel, which helped contain the crisis. Finally, the impact stage reflects strategic shifts in the region, weakening of the resistance axis, failure of Israeli deterrence, and possible redefinition of security policies by major players, including the Islamic Republic of Iran. Data were collected from written sources such as books, articles, documents, and online materials.
Keywords


Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 25 February 2026

  • Receive Date 11 April 2025
  • Revise Date 29 June 2025
  • Accept Date 07 September 2025