The right to self-determination is widely recognized as a cornerstone principle in international law.Despite its legal significance and established status, Palestinians continue to encounter substantial obstacles in exercising this right in the twenty-first century. Their efforts have prompted diverse responses from the global community. The present study investigates the question: what has been the approach of the Islamic Republic of Iran regarding the violation of the right to self-determination of the people of Gaza by Israel after October 7, 2023? The research hypothesizes that Iran’s approach has involved intensified political, diplomatic, and legal support for Palestinian groups striving to realize their rights. The findings suggest that Iran aims to position itself as the leading advocate of the Palestinian cause by utilizing political, legal, and media instruments. Iran’s central proposition for achieving peace and stability in West Asia centers on the realization of justice regarding the right of the people of Gaza to self-determination. Without the realization of this right by Palestinians, no agreement among global powers or regional states—including those between Israel and Arab governments—will result in authentic peace and stability.