A Comparative Study of the Role of the Hormuz Peace Initiative and the Abraham Accords on Regional Security in the Persian Gulf

Shabani, Mohammad; Khodaverdi, Hassan; Keshishyan Sirak, Garineh

doi:10.22034/csiw.2026.741612

A Comparative Study of the Role of the Hormuz Peace Initiative and the Abraham Accords on Regional Security in the Persian Gulf

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Mohammad Shabani ¹

Hassan Khodaverdi ²

Garineh Keshishyan Sirak ²

¹ Department of International Relations, Ki. C., Islamic Azad University, Kish, Iran

² Department of Political Science and International Relations, ST.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

10.22034/csiw.2026.741612

Abstract

In recent decades, the security order of the Persian Gulf has been shaped by persistent geopolitical rivalries, regional competition, and the involvement of extra-regional powers. Against this backdrop, the "Hormuz Peace Initiative" and the "Abraham Accords" represent two contrasting approaches to organizing and transforming the region's security order. Drawing on the Copenhagen School of security studies and employing a descriptive-analytical approach, this study examines how these two initiatives affect the security dynamics of the Persian Gulf. It asks: How do the Hormuz Peace Initiative and the Abraham Accords shape the region's security patterns? The study hypothesizes that the Abraham Accords, by normalizing relations between Israel and several Arab states, have contributed to heightened security tensions and deeper geopolitical divisions, whereas the Hormuz Peace Initiative, by emphasizing intra-regional cooperation and regional ownership of security, has the potential to reduce tensions and promote collective security. The findings suggest that the Abraham Accords have expanded Israel's security presence in the Persian Gulf and altered the regional balance of power in ways that have reinforced existing security divisions rather than alleviating them. By contrast, the Hormuz Peace Initiative advances an indigenous, regionally driven approach that seeks to redefine the Persian Gulf security order through confidence-building, regional cooperation, and a reduced role for extra-regional powers. In this respect, the initiative seeks to enhance the strategic autonomy of regional states and establish a more endogenous framework for regional security.

Keywords

Hormuz Peace

Abraham Accords

Islamic Republic of Iran

Arab countries

Zionist regime

Persian Gulf regional security